The live cattle trade from Australia to the Middle East has expanded rapidly since 1995. Although death rates have been low overall, there has been no scientific investigation into the causes of ill health or mortality or of the predisposing factors. This report describes an investigation into the health and welfare aspects of cattle during sea transport from Australia.
 

The live cattle trade from Australia to the Middle East has expanded rapidly since 1995. Although death rates have been low overall, there has been no scientific investigation into the causes of ill health or mortality or of the predisposing factors. This report describes an investigation into the health and welfare aspects of cattle during sea transport from Australia.